Steel Structure Bridge Classification

With the progress of domestic steel structure bridge construction technology, my country has the material foundation and technical conditions to promote steel structure bridges, promote the construction of steel structure bridges such as steel box girder, steel truss girder, and steel-concrete composite girder, and give full play to the performance advantages of steel structure bridges. . The current is a good opportunity to promote the construction of steel structure bridges and improve the quality of bridge construction, as well as an important measure to promote the transformation and upgrading of the steel industry.

Advantages of steel structure bridges:

The steel structure has the advantages of light weight, good seismic performance, high degree of industrialization and assembly, and recyclability.

With the large-scale application of large-span bridges, the large-scale use of steel structures is an inevitable trend for the future development of my country's transportation infrastructure.

Disadvantages of steel structure bridges:

The steel structure cost is too high;

Insufficient corrosion resistance, etc.

The cost of bridge construction should consider various factors such as construction cost, safety and durability, management and maintenance. The steel structure bridge has a lighter weight, which saves the cost of the substructure. At the same time, the construction speed is faster and the construction period is shorter.

The problem of insufficient corrosion resistance of steel structures can be solved by painting long-term high-performance anticorrosive coatings and using weathering steel.

The all-steel structure includes steel box girder and steel truss girder.

The steel-concrete composite beam structure includes: steel plate composite beam bridge, steel box composite beam bridge, and corrugated steel web bridge.

Steel truss beams have many advantages, such as high strength, uniform material, good plasticity and toughness, and good weldability.

Features of steel truss:

Because steel has many advantages such as high strength, uniform material, good plasticity and toughness, and good weldability, bridges constructed of steel have the following characteristics:

(1) Great leaping ability. Due to the high strength of steel, the cross-section of steel bridge components is smaller than that of reinforced concrete bridges under the same load-bearing capacity conditions, so steel bridges have lighter weight and are most suitable for building long-span bridges.

(2) Most suitable for industrialized manufacturing. Steel bridge components are generally processed by special equipment in specialized factories, and are not restricted by seasons. The processing and manufacturing speed is fast, the precision is high, and the quality is easy to control, so the degree of industrial manufacturing is high.

(3) Easy to transport. Due to the relatively light weight of steel bridge components, it is convenient for automobile transportation especially in mountainous areas with inconvenient traffic.

(4) Fast installation speed. The steel bridge components are easy to assemble with the cantilever construction method, complete sets of equipment are available, and the assembly process is mature.

(5) Steel bridge components are easy to repair and replace.

(6) The steel is easy to rust, so the maintenance cost of the steel bridge is high. In addition, steel bridges must be fireproof, and the noise is loud when the train passes, so it is not suitable to build railway steel bridges in downtown areas.

Steel box girder, also called steel box girder, is a commonly used structural form for long-span bridges. Generally used on large-span bridges, it is called steel box girder because it looks like a box.

Steel box girder is generally formed by fully welding the top plate, bottom plate, web, transverse partition, longitudinal partition and stiffening ribs. The top plate is an orthotropic bridge deck composed of a cover plate and longitudinal stiffeners.

Steel box girder is a structural form often used in engineering. In order to study the influence of the spacing of the transverse diaphragms on the distortion of the simply supported steel box girder under concentrated load, the simple support steel box girder with different numbers of transverse diaphragms was set to compare its Distortion effect and rigid torsion effect under load, the change curve of maximum distortion effect with the number of diaphragms is obtained. Concentrated load is applied to the top of the box girder web, and it is adopted according to the four working conditions of distortion, rigid torsion, symmetrical bending and eccentric load. The method of load decomposition is calculated.

The steel-concrete composite bridge is a bridge in which the wing slab is made of concrete slabs and the beam ribs are made of steel structure.

Material advantages: make full use of the material advantages of steel and concrete. Concrete improves the stability of steel beams.

Structural advantages: reduce the height of the structure, increase the rigidity of the structure, and reduce the deflection of the structure under live load.

Convenient construction: factory production, high-quality on-site installation, low construction cost, and fast construction speed.

Environmental protection and energy saving: Significantly reduce cement consumption and reduce environmental pollution.

Disadvantages: There are disadvantages of weak torsional rigidity and small applicable span.

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